Banking-as-a-Service (BaaS) and Embedded Finance have moved from buzzwords to core strategic levers for both fintechs and traditional financial institutions. By enabling non-financial companies to integrate financial functions (payments, lending, deposits, cards, etc.) into their platforms, these models promise closer customer relationships, revenue diversification, and greater convenience. But integrating financial services brings regulatory, technical, and operational complexity. This article explores new partnership trends, the business models being used, the principal risks, and the developing standards shaping what comes next.
Recent months have seen several partnerships and new platform launches demonstrating how BaaS & Embedded Finance are evolving:
Banknbox (MENA / Egypt / regional expansion): Banknbox reported 600% growth in H1 2025, expanding into Qatar and increasing its network of partnerships with banks and fintechs. It now offers over 29 digital financial services across 7 countries, including card issuing, merchant acquiring (“Acquiring as a Service”), regulatory compliance integrated with regional rules.
NTT Data’s “BeSTA-BaaS” (Japan): In October 2024 NTT Data launched a shared BaaS infrastructure in Japan called BeSTA-BaaS, combining their core banking “BeSTA” engine, flexible API platform, and a white-label banking app (“My Palette”). Its purpose: allow regional banks to provide their own digital brands (e.g. digital-only bank branches), and non-financial companies to offer banking-style services via local bank partnerships. It’s a jointly used core for multiple institutions.
Shifts in relationship structure: Some banks and BaaS providers are changing how they partner. For example, U.S. provider Treasury Prime has shifted toward selling its technology directly to banks, rather than being a middle layer between banks and fintechs. The reasoning includes regulatory clarity and stronger oversight. Similarly, some banks are choosing to work more directly with fintechs rather than via an intermediary.
Emerging European bank partnerships: German Sutor Bank and Swiss Hypothekarbank Lenzburg entered into a minority-share partnership (≈9.9%) to scale up their BaaS operations. These kinds of equity-based alliances indicate that banks are increasingly viewing BaaS as a core business, not just supplemental.
Revenue growth forecasts: According to research, the BaaS market which in 2024 had revenues around US$36.4B, is expected to more than double by 2028, driven especially by API-integration in e-commerce and for gig / freelance platforms.
Embedded Finance and BaaS come in multiple flavors. Below are some of the key models and how participants are monetizing them:
These models are constantly evolving. For example, many platforms are looking beyond just payments/cards to more advanced embedded lending, investments or insurance. Also, ecosystems are forming: platform providers might combine BaaS + embedded finance + open banking + regtech.
Embedding financial services has many upsides—but also nontrivial risks, which include:
Regulatory & Licensing Risk
Banks or fintechs must comply with banking regulation (deposits, custody, cards, lending), anti-money laundering (AML), know-your-customer (KYC), consumer protection, data privacy. Violations can incur heavy fines or worse.
Uncertainty in how regulators treat non-bank platforms that offer “financial” services. For some functions, licensing may be required; for others, it might be ambiguous.
Recent U.S. events (e.g. failures/issues with fintech middlemen) have put FDIC and other regulators on alert. There are moves to strengthen oversight of sponsor-bank relationships and account arrangements.
Operational Complexity and Third-Party / Partner Risk
Multiple parties (platform, BaaS provider, bank, regtech, KYC provider) need to cooperate. If one fails (downtime, compliance failure, security breach), the customer sees issues.
Clear contracts, SLAs, disaster recovery, backup providers are needed.
Security & Data Risks
Sensitive customer financial and identity data is handled across multiple systems and APIs; this increases risk of data breaches or fraud.
API security, encryption, identity verification, fraud-detection are critical.
Customer Confusion & Brand Liability
If customers don’t clearly understand who is accountable (the platform, the bank, or the fintech), then trust can suffer. Who services support, who handles disputes, who is liable for errors?
Risk of Regulatory Scrutiny and Reputational Risk
Because embedded finance is relatively new, regulators are still developing expectations. Noncompliance or perceived abuse (e.g. irresponsible lending) can bring reputational damage or stricter regulation.
Examples: in the U.S., investor sentiment toward “BaaS” turned sour in some cases due to regulatory uncertainty.
Technology / Integration Risk
APIs need to be robust, well documented, backward compatible.
Scaling architectures, ensuring uptime, latency, handling transaction volumes.
Dealing with local regulatory/regional compliance differences (data residency, localization) complicates international expansion.
Risk for Vulnerable Customers
As financial services are embedded more widely, customers with low financial literacy or limited choices might be more exposed to predatory fees, misleading products (like high interest rates, or hidden costs).
To manage these risks and support sustainable growth, a number of standards, frameworks, and regulatory developments are shaping how BaaS & Embedded Finance will look going forward:
Stronger oversight of sponsor bank / BaaS provider relationships: Regulators (especially in the U.S.) are increasingly insisting that the bank (which holds the regulatory license) maintain direct accountability and oversight of all partners, including fintechs, rather than intermediaries obscuring who does what.
Transparency / Record-keeping Requirements: For example, proposals in the U.S. for banks to keep better records of accounts held on behalf of fintechs, including what functions the fintech performs, who owns which customer data / responsibilities. This aids in audits and regulatory reviews.
API-driven modular compliance and standardized tech architectures: Shared or open architectures (e.g. Japan’s NTT Data BeSTA-BaaS) allow for more uniform implementation of compliance, easier scaling, and reducing rework when working across institutions.
Data protection / privacy standards: GDPR in the EU, local privacy laws in Asia, etc. Also increasing pressure for data residency, encryption, purpose limitation, minimization.
Consumer protection / fair lending / interest transparency: Regulatory bodies pushing for clearer disclosures, avoiding hidden fees, ensuring responsible lending for embedded finance lenders.
Industry associations & best practice committees: Groups like the BaaS Association are forming membership networks, producing guidelines on cybersecurity, fraud management, operational resiliency, etc.
Regulatory sandbox / pilot-friendly regimes: Many jurisdictions are allowing fintechs or platforms to experiment under regulatory supervision (sandboxes), as long as certain guardrails (capital, transparency, data protection) are in place.
Standardization of risk frameworks: For example, PwC has analyzed frameworks for embedded finance risk (elements like interoperability, data containment, complex partnerships, vulnerable customers, distributed risk) that players are increasingly considering.
Based on what’s going on, the following seem essential for organizations that want to succeed (or avoid failure) in this space:
Clear governance: Well-defined roles among platform, BaaS provider, bank; who owns compliance, customer disputes, support; contracts and SLAs that cover edge cases.
Strong tech infrastructure: Scalable API platforms, cloud or secure infrastructure, modularity to adapt to new regulatory or functional requirements.
Culture of compliance, not just checklist: Embedding KYC, AML, data privacy, consumer protection from day one, not as an afterthought.
User experience (UX) & trust focus: Transparent disclosures, clear brand communication over who provides what, easy access to support; avoiding “hidden-financial-service” pitfalls.
Local / regional regulatory awareness & adaptability: Rules about data residency, banking licenses, consumer protection vary a lot; what works in Europe won’t necessarily fly in Asia or MENA.
Partnership strategy: Choosing the right bank or partner with complementary strengths; sometimes equity alignments (joint ventures) help. Flexibility in how revenue / risk is shared.
Expansion into new geographies: As regulators clarify frameworks, BaaS/embedded finance will become more viable in emerging markets. This can unlock both financial inclusion and new product growth.
Deeper embedded credit / insurance / investment: Moving beyond cards and payments into riskier but higher margin products like lending, insurance, investments embedded into other platforms.
Increased regulatory codification: Governments will likely propose clearer rules for BaaS & embedded finance. Expect more oversight on fintech-bank relationships, more rules around record-keeping, more consumer protection.
Shift toward modular services and full stacks: Platforms will want to pick and choose modules (e.g. just payments + virtual accounts, or lending + insurance), so technology vendors will provide more modular (plug-and-play) services.
Focus on fintech “middleware”: KYC/AML, fraud detection, data infrastructure, identity verification providers will become even more crucial as the glue between banks, platforms, and end users.
Embedded Finance and Banking-as-a-Service are rapidly transforming how financial services are delivered. They offer big opportunities for innovation, customer experience, revenue growth, but also bring nontrivial challenges in regulation, risk management, technology, and trust. The winners will be those who treat regulatory compliance, customer clarity, operational resilience, and partnership governance as core pillars—not afterthoughts.